World Bank Open Data · CC BY 4.0 Some World Bank indicators are published with a lag. The site always shows the latest actually available year for each country and indicator.
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Upper middle income
Technicians in R&D (per million people)

Within the “Upper middle income” group, Serbia leads Technicians in R&D (per million people) in 2018 at 412, while Guatemala sits at the lower end of the current snapshot with 11. This format is well suited to long-tail regional and income-group queries.

Group leaders

0.0103206309412SerbiaSerbia: 412412ArgentinaArgentina: 398398GeorgiaGeorgia: 242242MalaysiaMalaysia: 233233UkraineUkraine: 150150MauritiusMauritius: 130130KazakhstanKazakhstan: 124124North MacedoniaNorth Macedonia: 9191.1MoldovaMoldova: 6060.4Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and Herzegovina: 5150.9ParaguayParaguay: 4646.3IndonesiaIndonesia: 3534.7

Country table

#CountryValue
1 Serbia 412
2 Argentina 398
3 Georgia 242
4 Malaysia 233
5 Ukraine 150
6 Mauritius 130
7 Kazakhstan 124
8 North Macedonia 91
9 Moldova 60
10 Bosnia and Herzegovina 51
11 Paraguay 46
12 Indonesia 35
13 Iraq 23
14 El Salvador 22
15 Guatemala 11

Analytical takeaways

  • Inside the Upper middle income group for Technicians in R&D (per million people) in 2018, Serbia leads with a gap of 14 to the next country.
  • The peer set on this page covers 15 countries, and the lower end of the current distribution sits with Guatemala at 11.
  • This page bridges the global ranking context with a more relevant regional or income-based comparison layer.